
THE STORY OF PARAPHENYLENE DIAMINE
Paraphenyl Diamine: The High-Performance Dye Base for Deep, Lasting Color
Paraphenyl Diamine (PPD) is a powerful aromatic amine widely used as a primary oxidation dye in permanent and long-lasting hair-color systems. Known for producing intense, durable color, it forms the backbone of many professional hair-dye formulations, delivering strong pigment development and excellent grey coverage.
Engineered Through Precision Chemical Synthesis
PPD is produced through carefully controlled chemical synthesis involving the reduction of nitrobenzene derivatives, followed by purification, drying, and stabilization. Each batch undergoes strict quality testing for purity, reactivity, and consistency — essential for predictable and safe color performance in regulated cosmetic applications.
A Strong, Reliable Color Developer for Professional Hair Dye
In cosmetics, Paraphenyl Diamine acts as a primary oxidation dye.
It reacts with hydrogen peroxide and couplers to produce deep, rich brown and black tones with excellent longevity. PPD provides exceptional grey coverage, color intensity, and resistance to fading — making it a cornerstone ingredient in permanent and semi-permanent hair-color technology.
Potent, Regulated, and Designed for Controlled Use Only
Used only in oxidative hair-dye formulations under regulated conditions.
Typical usage: very low — usually <1% in the final hair-color mixture after oxidation.
Must be handled using appropriate protective equipment and stored tightly sealed in cool, dry conditions.
PPD is strictly regulated worldwide, requiring patch testing and compliance with cosmetic safety guidelines to ensure consumer protection and responsible formulation.
Formulator’s Queries, We Answered
1. What is Paraphenylene Diamine (PPD)?
Paraphenylene Diamine, commonly known as PPD, is an aromatic amine compound primarily used as a hair dye intermediate in oxidative hair coloring systems. It delivers long-lasting, deep color results by reacting with other colorants and developers during the coloring process.
2. What is the INCI name and CAS number of Paraphenylene Diamine?
CAS Number: 106-50-3
INCI Name: Paraphenylene Diamine
3. What are the main uses of PPD in personal care products?
PPD is primarily used in:
Permanent hair dyes and color creams
Beard and mustache dyes
Eyebrow and eyelash tints (in limited professional settings)
Temporary tattoo inks (though not recommended)
4. Why is PPD used in hair dye formulations?
PPD is favored in hair dye formulations because it:
Produces natural-looking, long-lasting color
Allows for a wide range of color shades, from dark browns to blacks
Penetrates the hair shaft for durable, fade-resistant results
5. Is Paraphenylene Diamine safe to use in cosmetics?
When used according to regulatory guidelines, PPD is permitted for use in oxidative hair dyes, with maximum allowable concentrations. However, it can cause skin sensitization or allergic reactions in some individuals. A patch test is strongly recommended before use. It is not allowed in leave-on products or skin applications in many regions.
6. What are the typical usage levels of PPD in hair dye formulations?
PPD is typically used at concentrations of up to 2% in the final product after mixing with hydrogen peroxide. Always follow the regulatory limits and labeling guidelines specific to your region (e.g., EU, FDA, etc.).
7. Is PPD considered natural or synthetic?
PPD is a synthetic chemical and is not derived from natural sources. While effective in achieving durable color results, it is not used in natural or organic-certified formulations.
8. What are the safety and regulatory considerations for using PPD?
Must be used only in rinse-off hair colorants
Requires appropriate labeling, including warning statements and patch test instructions
Restricted or banned in some countries for specific applications (e.g., in temporary tattoos)
Alternative dye systems (PPD-free) are available for consumers with known allergies