
General Description:
Glyoxylic acid is an organic compound with the formula HC(O)COOH. In its 50% solution form, it appears as a clear, colorless to pale yellow liquid with a characteristic odor. Glyoxylic acid is a highly reactive aldehyde and carboxylic acid and is used in various industrial and cosmetic applications. Its ability to form covalent bonds with keratin makes it a valuable ingredient in hair treatments.
Uses in the Cosmetic Industry:
- Hair Smoothing Treatments: Glyoxylic acid is a key ingredient in hair smoothing and straightening products. It works by breaking and reforming the disulfide bonds in the hair's keratin structure, resulting in smoother, straighter hair.
- Skin Care: In skincare products, glyoxylic acid can be used as an exfoliant. It helps to remove dead skin cells and promote cell turnover, leading to smoother and more radiant skin.
- pH Adjuster: Glyoxylic acid can be used as a pH adjuster in various cosmetic formulations, helping to maintain the stability and efficacy of the product.
- Conditioning Agent: It is sometimes included in hair conditioning products to improve hair texture and manageability.
Hazards and Safety Concerns:
While glyoxylic acid is effective in its cosmetic applications, there are several safety concerns associated with its use:
- Skin and Eye Irritation: Glyoxylic acid can cause severe irritation to the skin and eyes. Direct contact can result in redness, itching, and burning sensations. It is crucial to use protective equipment when handling the acid, and products containing it should be formulated to minimize irritation.
- Respiratory Irritation: Inhalation of glyoxylic acid vapors can cause respiratory tract irritation. Symptoms may include coughing, sneezing, and shortness of breath. Adequate ventilation is necessary when using products containing glyoxylic acid.
- Allergic Reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to glyoxylic acid, which can manifest as skin rashes, hives, or other symptoms of contact dermatitis.
- Corrosiveness: Glyoxylic acid is corrosive and can cause damage to surfaces and materials it comes into contact with. Proper storage and handling procedures are essential to prevent accidental spills and damage.
- Toxicity: Glyoxylic acid is toxic if ingested. It is important to ensure that products containing glyoxylic acid are kept out of reach of children and are clearly labeled to avoid accidental ingestion.
CAS Number: 0298-12-4
INCI: Glyoxylic Acid
Composition: Glyoxylic acid at a concentration of 50%, often formulated in a water-based solution.
Purity Grade: No purity grade applicable
Appearance: Clear liquid at room temperature.
Solubility: Miscible in water and exhibits solubility in various polar solvents.
Preservation: Glyoxylic Acid 50% may have inherent preservative properties due to its acidic nature.
Storage: Store in a closed container at a dry place at room temperature
Raw Material Source: Glyoxylic Acid is synthesized through various chemical processes, typically involving the oxidation of glyoxal.
Manufacture: Glyoxylic Acid 50% is manufactured through controlled processes, ensuring the concentration and quality required for cosmetic applications.
Animal Testing: Not animal tested
GMO: GMO-free (does not contain plant-derived components)
Vegan: Does not contain animal-derived components
HS Code: 29121990
Proposition: GLYOXYLIC ACID 50% complies with relevant regulations and guidelines.
Warning: Avoid contact with eyes and skin. Use appropriate protective equipment when handling.
Â
THE STORY OF GLYOXYLIC ACID 50%
Glyoxylic Acid 50%: The Innovative Smoothing Agent for Long-Lasting Hair Control
Glyoxylic Acid 50% is a specialized organic acid widely used in professional hair-smoothing and straightening treatments.
It helps reduce frizz, calm unruly hair, enhance shine, and improve manageability, making it a key active in formaldehyde-free keratin systems, Brazilian blowout alternatives, and semi-permanent smoothing formulations.
A Functional Organic Acid Engineered for Hair Bond Alignment
Glyoxylic Acid 50% is a small, highly reactive α-keto carboxylic acid produced through controlled oxidation of glyoxal or glycolic acid.
Its unique structure allows it to:
• Form temporary bonds with cuticle and cortex proteins
• Seal the hair surface when heated
• Create long-lasting smoothness and reduced frizz
TRCkem offers high-purity (≥50% solution) cosmetic-grade Glyoxylic Acid suitable for professional haircare formulations.
Smooth. Control. Transform.
Glyoxylic Acid 50% offers powerful smoothing benefits:
✅ Controls frizz, volume & flyaways
✅ Provides semi-permanent straightening effects
✅ Improves shine, softness & manageability
✅ Works without harsh formaldehyde chemistry
✅ Enhances durability of professional keratin treatments
Used in: hair-smoothing creams, keratin treatments, anti-frizz masks, thermal-styling products, and professional salon formulations.
Specialized Ingredient — Requires Controlled Formulation & Professional Use
• Typical use level: 3–12% in hair-smoothing products
• Works best with heat activation (flat iron/blow dryer)
• Formulate at slightly acidic pH (1.5–2.5) for efficiency
• Avoid contact with eyes; professional supervision recommended
• Compatible with proteins, amino acids, keratin, and conditioning polymers
• Store tightly sealed in cool, dry place
• Ensure good ventilation during professional use due to mild fumes
Formulator’s Queries, We Answered
1. What is Glyoxylic Acid 50%?
Glyoxylic Acid 50% is a cosmetic-grade aqueous solution of glyoxylic acid, commonly used in personal care products, especially hair treatments. It serves as a hair-smoothing and straightening agent, as well as a pH adjuster in formulations.
2. What is the CAS Number and INCI Name of Glyoxylic Acid?
CAS Number: 298-12-4
INCI Name: Glyoxylic Acid
3. What are the benefits of using Glyoxylic Acid in personal care products?
Hair Smoothing & Straightening – Helps reduce frizz and enhances hair manageability.
Formaldehyde-Free Alternative – Used in keratin treatments as a safer substitute for formaldehyde.
pH Regulator – Helps maintain optimal acidity levels in cosmetic formulations.
Skin Exfoliation – Occasionally used in chemical peels for its mild exfoliating properties.
4. What are the common applications of Glyoxylic Acid in personal care?
Hair Straightening Treatments – Used in keratin and smoothing treatments for semi-permanent effects.
Shampoos & Conditioners – Enhances hair texture and shine.
Chemical Peels & Skincare Products – Provides gentle exfoliation and brightening effects.
pH Adjuster in Formulations – Used to balance acidity in various personal care products.
5. Is Glyoxylic Acid safe for use in personal care products?
Yes, Glyoxylic Acid is generally considered safe when used within recommended concentrations. However, due to its acidic nature, improper formulation or excessive use can cause scalp or skin irritation.
6. Can Glyoxylic Acid cause skin or scalp irritation?
Yes, in high concentrations, Glyoxylic Acid can be irritating to the skin, eyes, and scalp. It is important to follow proper formulation guidelines and avoid prolonged exposure.
7. Is Glyoxylic Acid environmentally friendly?
Glyoxylic Acid is biodegradable, but like other acids, it requires controlled disposal to prevent environmental harm. Proper handling and dilution are recommended for eco-friendly use.
8. Are there alternatives to Glyoxylic Acid in personal care products?
Yes, alternatives include:
Glycolic Acid – A gentler AHA used for exfoliation and skin renewal.
Lactic Acid – A milder acid for pH adjustment and hydration.
Formaldehyde-Free Smoothing Agents – Alternative hair straightening ingredients like amino acids and carbocysteine.